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Herbs and Properties Chart

Herbs, medicinal plants, flowers and Botanicals O - Z

O
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Oak Quercus robur White Oak
Tree : Bark : : Oak bark is a powerful astringent, and has been used by herbalists for thousands of years...
Oats Avena sativa L. Groats. Oatmeal. Oatstraw
Plant : Leaves and stems of the preflowering plant : Europe, N. America : Oats have always had a reputation as a wholesome, healthy food. The grain is a rich source of complex sugars used by the body. Green oatstraw teas, oa...
Olive Olea europea Olive Leaf
Tree : oil of the fruit, leaves, bark : : The monounsaturated oil of this evergreen tree's fruit is the used widely in cooking and as a skin care oil....
Onion
Herb : : : The differences between garlic and onions is in the bulbs and leaves. While garlic produces heads that a divided into sections,(cloves), onions produc...
Oolong Tea Camellia sinensis Wu Long, Wu Yi Tea
Herb : leaves : : It is true that Oolong/Wu Long tea not only boosts metabolism and suppresses sugar cravings, but it may also burn fat....
Orange Citrus sinensis, C.Nobilus Mandarin Orange, Tangerine
Fruit : Fruit rind : : Bitter orange and sweet orange both have a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine....
Oregano Origanum vulgare Wild Marjoram
Herb : leaves, stems, essential oil : : Oregano has a very ancient reputation and has been used in both the kitchen and the sickroom since the time of the ancients....
Oregon Grape Mahonia aquifolium Mountain Grape, holly leaved barberry
Shrub : root : N. America : Oregon grape shared many of the properties of goldenseal,but is not botanicaly related....
Oswego Tea Mondara didyma Scarlet Mondarda, Oswego Tea, Bergamot
Herb : : American : This species of mint has an aromatic order simular to the citrus Orange Bergamot, but the two are not related....
P
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Palmarosa Cymbopogon martini Rosha Grass ,Indian Geranium
Grass : : : Palmarosa is distilled from a grass closely related to citronella and lemongrass. Palmarosa has a grassy, lemony scent...
Papaya Carica papaya Papaw, Melon Tree, Papaya Vulgaris
Tree : fruit,seeds : S.America : Papaya fruit offers not only the luscious taste but is a rich source of antioxidants. Papaya leaf is used as a dewormer....
Parsley Petroselinum crispum
Herb : roots, leaves, seeds : : Of the variety crispum, or curled-leaved there are thirty-seven variations, the most valuable are those of compact habit...
Passion Flower Passiflora incarnata
Plant : Dried leaves and stems. : S. Amercia, Southwest, Mexico : Herbalists have a high regard for the soothing properties of passionflower and recommend it as a general nerve tonic. ...
Patchouli Pogostermon patchouli
Plant : : : Patchouli gained a certain reputation in the 60's as the preferred scent for Deadheads, perhaps because it's pungent scent was thought to mask the sme...
Pau D' Arco Tabebuia impertiginosa, various species lapacho, taheebo
Tree : Inner bark : S. America : There is a great deal of practical evidence, however, that pau d'arco can be used with success to treat colds, flu, sore throat, and yeast infections....
PennyRoyal Mentha pulegium Penny-Royal, poleo
Herb : leaves and young flowers, essential oil : : Pennyroyal is an important member of the family of mints and is one that can be used safely for its intended purposes, when coupled with common sense,...
Peony Paeonia lactiflora Bai Shao Yao, Peony root, and Chinese Peony
Herb : Root : Chinese : The white peony is one of the oldest remedies in traditional Chinese medicine...
Pepper, Black Piper nigrum
Tree : : : Black peppers are culitivated in malabar, Java, Sumatra, and Penang. Black peppercorns are the sun-dried red berries, which a...
Peppermint Mentha piperita
Herb : whole herb : : Of all the mints, peppermint is now probably the most widely used of all, due to its high content of menthol....
Peruvian Bark Cinchona spp Red Bark. Jesuits' Powder. Cinchona Bark
Herb : bark : : Peruvian Bark, is the historical name of the main active principle, quinine....
Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus vulgaris White Kidney Bean
Plant : bean : : Phaseolus vulgaris, an inhibitor of alpha-amylase, an enzyme that promotes the breakdown of starch....
Pine Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine
Tree : Needles : : The key uses of pine are as an anti-infectious, antimicrobial agent in colds, flu, urinary and viral infections and as a pain reliever...
Pineapple Ananas comosus
Fruit : Fruit, stem : : Pineapple has been used as a medicinal plant in several native cultures. Pineapple contains a proteolytic enzyme bromelain, which digests food by brea...
Plantain Plantago major ,lanceolata L. Broad-leaved Plantain, Ribword, narrow leaved plantain, Slan-lus
Herb : root, leaves, flowers : : An important constituent of plantain is the gluside aucubin. The macerated fresh leaves are put on bee stings and used for...
Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly-weed. Swallow-wort, Tuber root, Wind root, Colic root, Orange Milkweed
Herb : root : N. America : Known popularly as pleurisy root, from its medicinal use against a wide range of respiratory and lung conditions, specifically pleurisy...
Prickly Ash Bark Zanthoxylum spp Szechuan pepper, chuan jiao, Tooth Ache Tree, yellow wood
Herb : The bark or the fruit, dried and chopped : : Prickly ash is most often used as a poultice applied to the skin over the area of pain. ...
Psyllium Plantago psyllium, Plantago ovata
Plant : Seeds and seed husks : : Psyllium seeds contain a mucilage that, when combined with water, swells up to 14 times its volume...
Pumpkin Seed Cucurbita pepo
Herb : Seeds and seed oil : : Pumpkin seed oil is a nutrious source of vitamins and minerals and well as both Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids....
Pygeum Prunus africana
Tree : bark : Africa : Pygeum is a tree native to the higher elevations of central and southern Africa. Sometimes reffered to as the African Cherry...
Q
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R
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Raspberry Rubus idaeus Raspberry Leaf
Shrub : fruit, leaves, bark : : Raspberry's most extensive use is to alleviate menstrual cycle and facilitate childbirth...
Red Clover Trifolium pratense
Herb : Flowering tops : : Red clover's phytoestrogens, the plant world's equivalents of human female estrogen, preform functions in the body similar to those of natural and syn...
Rehmannia Rehmannia glutinosa Chinese Foxglove, Shu Di Huang
Plant : dried root, fresh root, prepared root : China : Rehmannia is a very commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicine. Know as or Di-huang, (earth yellow), prepared rehmannia is used for loss of bl...
Reishi Ganoderma lucidum Ling-zhi, ling chih, ling chi mushroom
Plant : Fruiting body : China, Japan : Reishi mushroom grows wild on plum trees in Japan, it is commercially cultivated in China, Japan and the United States....
Rhodiola Root Rhodea rosiola Golden Root, Roseroot, Aaron's Rod
Herb : Root : Russian, Tibetan, Chinese : Rhodiola is an adaptogen, and acts in a similar fashion as ginseng...
Rooibos Aspalathus linearis Redbush Tea, Red tea
Plant : Leaves : Africa : Rooibos is naturally caffeine free and therefore suitable for children, infants and breast-feeding mothers...
Rose Rosa centifolia
Flower : Hips, flower petals, leaves, bark : : Attar of rose is the steam-extracted essential oil from rose flowers that has been used in perfumes for centuries. Rose water, made from the rose oil,...
Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis
Herb : Leaves, stems and flowers : : Rosemary is an extremely useful herb, with many culinary, medicinal and aromatherapy attributes. The essential oil is distilled from the fresh flower...
Rosewood Aniba rosaeodora Bois de Rose
Tree : : South America : Rosewood, or bois de rose, is a tropical tree growing wild in the Amazon basin , mainly in Brazil and in Guyana. Unfortunatel...
Rue Ruta graveolens L. Herb of Grace
Herb : Whole Herb : : One of the oldest and garden plants cultivated for medicinal use Rue was valued as a country simple for its ability to ward off toxins and pests...
S
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Safflower Carthamus tinctorius
Plant : oil : : The Safflower plant , known in India as Koosumbha and in china as Hoang-tchi, is extensively cultivated in India, China and...
Saffron Crocus sativus
Herb : dried stigma (stamens) of the flower : : Saffron contains more than 150 volatile and aroma-yielding compounds...
Sage Salvia officinalis
Herb : Leaves, small stems and flowers : : Sage is an excellent and safe natural disinfectant. The antimicrobial action of thujone, a compound found in the volatile oil, works against bacterial...
Salad Burnet Sanguisorba officinalis
Herb : : : Salad burnet , while not considered on of the major additons to the herbal pharmacopeia, is still a decorative and endearing...
Sandalwood Santalum album
Tree : Heartwood : : Sandalwood oil has a sweet-woody, warm, balsamic aroma that improves with age. The essential oil blends wonderfully with most...
Sarsaparilla Smilax sarsaparilla zarzaparrilla
Plant : Root : Americas : The spicy, pleasant smelling root is what gave old fashioned root beer its bite and is the part used medicinally...
sassafrass Sassafras albidum Saloop, ague tree, root beer tree,
Herb : Root Bark, Bark and essential oil : north amercian : A cup of sassafras root tea is a traditional spring tonic in the South for hundreds of years, and was part of the home medicine of the early American...
Savory, Winter, Summer Satureja montana, S. hortensis
Herb : All aerial parts : : Savory is a carminative herb recommend for gas and digestive upsets, including colic, diarrhea and indigestion....
Saw Palmetto Sarenoa serrulata Sabal Sabal serrulata
Herb : Partially-dried ripe fruit : N. America : Saw palmetto berry tea is commonly recommended for benign enlargement of the prostate and to treat chronic urinary tract infections....
Schisandra Schisandra chinensis Magnolia vine, wu-wei-zi, Schizandra
Plant : fruit : China : Schisandra, also known as Magnolia vine is found as a rare ornamental vine in Western gardens...
Self-Heal Prunella vulgris L. Self-heal, Heal-all, Blue Curls, Heart-of-the-Earth, Brunella Carpenter-weed
Flower : whole herb : Europe, N. America : Culpepper, explaining the name 'Self-Heal' whereby when you are hurt, you may heal yourself, as the bruised, fresh leaves...
Sesame Sesamum indicum
Herb : Seeds, seed oil : : Sesame seeds, and sesame seed oil are used for food, and skin care and have a rich tradition of medicinal use...
Shepherd's Purse Capsella bursa-pastoris Pickpurse, Casewort
Plant : whole herb : Europe, N. America : Shepherd's purse is one of the important herbs to stop bleeding an effect due to the tyramine and other amines it contains....
Siberian Ginseng Eleutherococcus senticosus Eleuthero ginseng, Ci-wu-jia, Wu Jia Shen Jing
Herb : root : China : Siberian ginseng has been used in Chinese medicine for over 2,000 years, to increase energy and vitality and to treat...
Skullcap Scutellaria lateriflora Virginian skull cap, mad-dog skull cap, scullcap
Herb : Leaves,stems and flowers : N.America : The plant has been used for centuries by herbalists as an effective nerve tonic and sedative. Its common uses include relief of nervous tension, anx...
Slippery Elm Ulmus fulva Red Elm, Moose Elm, Indian Elm
Herb : Inner Bark : North America : The Slippery Elm is a small tree abundant in various parts of North America. The inner bark has important medicinal value and...
Snakeroot Aristolochia spp Virginia snakeroot, birthworts, pipevines or Dutchman's pipes
Herb : Dried rhizome and roots : : ...
Soapwort Saponaria officinalis Bouncing Bet, Fuller's herb, Sweet William, Bruisewort, Old Maids Pink
Herb : Rhizome : : The common name of this member of the carnation family indicates it's traditional uses in washing...
Southernwood Artemisia abrotanum L.
Herb : Aerial parts : : Like all the artemisias, southernwood is a good insect repellant, most effect against moths....
Spearmint Mentha spicata Spear mint
Herb : Leaves, essential oil : : Spearmint has much the same properties as peppermint, but is milder and good for use with children's complaints...
Speedwell Veronica officinalis common speedwell ,common gypsyweed, Fluellin, Paul's Betony Groundhele
Herb : flowering plant : European : Modern herbalists still consider that an infusion of the dried plant is useful in coughs, and in ointments to treat skin irritations....
Spikenard Aralia racemosa Indian Root; Spignet, Fleabane
Herb : root : :

Spikenard root has amild, pleasant licorice like flavor, often used as a substitute for sarsaparilla, though unrelated botanically, Spikenard is a ...

St. John's Wort Hypericum perforatum
Herb : Herb tops, flowers : : St. Johns Wort has a demonstrated ability to act as an antidepressant, but this versatile herb also has dozens of chemical compounds that disinfect an...
Stevia Stevia rebaudiana
Herb : : Peru : Stevia is a plant harvested in Peru, an all natural zero calories herbal sweetner that is good for you....
Stinging Nettle Urtica dioica Stinging Nettle, Common Nettle
Plant : whole herb, seeds : Europe, N. America : The stinging comes from the presence on the bristles of histamine. Nettles are a potent herb with a long history of use....
Sweet Almond Prunus dulcis
Tree : : : Almonds, as well as the oil pressed from them, were well known in Greece and Italy long before the Christian era....
Sweet Bay Laurel Laurus nobilis Sweet Bay, True Laurel
Tree : Leaves, fruit, oil : : It is the source of the ancients' crowns and wreaths for heroes...
Sweet Marjoram Origanum marjorana
Herb : Flowering tops : : Sweet majoram is a fragrant culinary herb used in soups,stews, egg and cheese dishes. ....
T
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Tamanu Oil Calophyllum inophyllum
Tree : seed oil : Asia : Fiji natives use Tamanu oil for joint pains, arthritis, bruises, oozing wounds, chapped lips and preventing diaper rash. In...
Tansy Tanacetum vulgare Bitter Buttons
Herb : The leaves and tops. The plant is cut off close above the root, when first coming into flower in August. : Europe, N. America : Tansy was a popular strewing herb because it's clean, camphorous scent repelled flies and other pests. It is still customary...
Tarragon Artemisia dracunculus
Herb : leaves : : Tarragon is a culinary star in French cuisine and best used fresh....
Tea Camellia sinensis Green Tea, Black tea
Herb : leaves : : Black tea, Oolong/Wu long tea and green and white teas are all from the same plant, Camellia sinensis....
Tea Tree Melaleuca alternifolia ti tree
Tree : essential oil distilled from leaves : Australia : Tea tree's major contribution to the herbal pharmacy is its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity....
Thistle, Blessed Holy Carbenia benedictus Holy thistle, St. Benedict's thistle, Cnicus benedictus,Carduus benedictus
Herb : : Medieval : Medieval monks held this plant in high esteem, as the name suggests and considered it a cure for everything from smallpox to...
Thuja Thuja occidentalis Arborvitae, tree of life, white cedar, yellow cedar, American cedar
Herb : Leaves and young twigs : : Thuja may also be used in hot compresses and steam baths to ease rheumatism, arthritis, and achy muscles....
Thyme Thymus vulgaris Common Thyme, Wild Thyme
Herb : Leaves, stems and flowers : : Thyme has primarily been used respiratory ailments for its infection-fighting and cough suppressive qualities. Thyme tea is an old time favorite coug...
Tribulus terrestris L Tribulus terrestris, Pedalium Murex L Burra Gookeroo, Burra Gokhru
Herb : seeds : : Native to India, the role of Tribulus Terrestris in Eastern European folk medicine for muscle strength and sexual potency...
Turmeric Curcuma longa L. Curcuma, Indian saffron
Plant : rhizome : Ayurvedic : Turmeric is a mild aromatic stimulant used in the manufacture of curry powders and mustards.The curcumin in turmeric has recently been shown effective...
U
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Uva Ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry
Herb : Leaves : 8 : Uva ursi contains a considerable amount of tannins ( up to 40 percent) making it one of natures most powerful astringents. Uva usi is a strong herb th...
V
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Valerian Valeriana officinalis
Herb : Roots : Greek : The Greeks used valerian roots to help them fall asleep, and that use holds up under scientifc scrunity today....
Verbena, Lemon Aloysia citriodora vervain
Herb : Leaves, flowers : : Lemon verbena is used primarily as a culinary herb, but it also makes a delightful medicinal herb tea...
Vervain Verbena hastata, V. officinalis Blue Vervain, Wild Hyssop, Simpler's Joy, Herb of the cross
Herb : Leaves, flowering heads : : Vervain has been used in traditional herbal medicine by many diverse cultures from the ancient Romans and Celtic cultures to the American Indians....
Vetiver Vetiveria zizanoides khus khus
Grass : : Ayurvedic : Healing to skin, this oil repels insects and reduces stress and tension. The aroma is rich, woody, earthy and sweet....
Vinegar, Apple Cider Malus domestica Apple cider vinegar, wine vinegar
Herb : Extracts from grapes, apples : : Apple cider vinegar is the one most often used in homemade facial and hair care. Use white vinegar for cleaning...
Violets Viola sp
Herb : Flowers and leaves : : Violets have been used medicinally for ages, and are an important part of traditional medicine...
Vitex Vitex agnus-castus Chaste Tree,Chasteberry, Monk's Pepper
Tree : berries : 1 : Chasteberry is a deciduous shrub native to the Mediterranean region with lancelike leaves and fragrant flowers...
W
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Walnut, Black Juglans nigra
Tree : nut husks : : The nuts make a great snack however it is the bark, leaves and nut husks that are the source of the phytomedicine in black walnut....
Watercress Nasturtium officinale
Herb : Stems and leaves : : Watercress is a nutritional culinary food that can also be considered a medicinal plant...
White Kidney Bean Phaseolus vulgaris
Plant : bean : : Phaseolus vulgaris, an inhibitor of alpha-amylase, an enzyme that promotes the breakdown of starch....
White Peony Paeonia albiflora Bai Shao Yao, Peony root, and Chinese Peony
Herb : Root : Chinese : The white peony is one of the oldest remedies in traditional Chinese medicine...
White Willow Salix Alba
Tree : Bark : : White willow has been used to combat fevers and pain for thousands of years, it may be the oldest herb known to treat pain an...
Wild Cherry Prunus serotina Black Cherry, chokecherry
Tree : bark : N. America : Black cherry is an very effective herbal cough remedy. The main use of the bark main use is to still irritated, nagging coughs. ...
Wild Hyacinth Hyacinthus nonscriptus Bluebell
Flower : root : : The Wild Hyacinth is in flower from early in April till the end of May, and being a perennial, and spreading rapidly, is...
Wild lettuce Lactuca virosa Bitter lettuce, Opium Lettuce
Herb : Dried leaves : : Wild lettuce contains a sedative milky latex that can induce opium like sensations....
Wild Yam Dioscorea villosa Colic root, rheumatism root
Plant : The dried tuber : N. America : Wild yam root is a potent source of diosginin, a chemical that resembles female sex hormones and was used in the manufacture of the first oral contrac...
Wintergreen Gaultheria procumbens Teaberry, Mountain Tea, Spice Berry, Checker-berry, Partridge-berry
Bush : Leaves : : The volatile oil obtained by distillation and to which all the medicinal...
Witch Hazel Hamamelis virginiana Spotted Alder, Winterbloom, Snapping Hazelnut
Shrub : Bark, leaves : Europe,N.America, S.Amercia : A general and all purpose remedy for abrasions, burns, scalds, insect bites and other inflammatory conditions of the skin....
Wolf's Claw Lycopodium clavatum, Club Moss, Witches Herb
Plant : spores : China : Club Moss, or wolfs claw, is an ingredient in Traditional Chinese Medicine remedies used for centuries to treat fever and inflammation....
Wood Betony Stachys officinalis
Herb : Arial parts, flowers and leaves : Medieval : Though this nearly forgotten mint has become increasingly rare modern herbal medicine, wood betony was once considered almost a panacea by the elder h...
Wormwood Artemisia absinthium L.
Herb : Aerial parts : : Wormwood is used today mainly as a bitter tonic, and in natural pest control....
Wu Long Tea Camellia sinensis Green Tea,Black tea, Oolong
Herb : leaves : : Oolong/Wu Long tea not only boosts metabolism and suppresses sugar cravings, but it may also burn fat, making tea a good addition to any healthy die...
X
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Y
Common NameBotanical NameOther Names
Yarrow Achillea millefolium Milfoil, Old Man's Pepper, Nosebleed
Herb : aerial parts, essential oil : Europe, N. America : Yarrow is one of the best-known herbal remedies for fevers, and bleeding. The chemical makeup of yarrow is complex, and it contains many active medici...
Yellow Dock Rumex crispus Sorrel, curled or narrow dock
Herb : Root : Native American : Yellow dock as been known as a medicinal plant since ancient times and is used in traditional medicine as a gentle laxative or mild astringent tonic...
Yerba Mate Ilex paraguariensis yerba mate, matte
Herb : : : A herb native to South America that has been used for centuries as a health tonic and beverage. Containing 196 active...
Ylang-Ylang Cananga adorata
Tree : essence obtained from flowers : : Ylang ylang oil is distilled from the early morning, fresh-picked flowers of the cananga tree. Ylang-ylang is a stimulating, yet relaxing oil with ant...
Yohimbe Pausinystalia johimbe johimbe
Tree : bark : Africa : The bark of this West African tree may be your best natural bet for reversing sexual dysfunction, though at the cost of several side effects....
Yucca Yucca schidigera
Plant : Roots : SouthWest : Yucca' s most promising use is in the treatment of both osteo and rheumatoid arthritis. ...
Z
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Herbs & Properties

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